Egress policies
When your users connect to the Internet through Cloudflare Gateway, by default their traffic is assigned a source IP address that is shared across all Cloudflare WARP users. Enterprise users can purchase dedicated egress IPs to ensure that egress traffic from your organization is assigned a unique, static IP. These source IPs are dedicated to your account and can be used within allowlists on upstream services.
Egress policies allow you to control which dedicated egress IP is used and when, based on attributes such as identity, IP address, and geolocation. Traffic that does not match an egress policy will default to using the most performant dedicated egress IP.
To control whether only IPv4 or IPv6 is used to egress, ensure you are filtering DNS traffic, then create a DNS policy to block AAAA or A records.
The following egress policy configures all traffic destined for a third-party network to use a static source IP:
| Policy name | Selector | Operator | Value | Egress method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access third-party provider | Destination IP | is | 198.51.100.158 | Dedicated Cloudflare egress IPs |
| Primary IPv4 address | IPv6 address |
|---|---|
203.0.113.88 | 2001:db8::/32 |
For the best performance, we recommend creating a catch-all policy to route all other users through the default Zero Trust IP range:
| Policy name | Selector | Operator | Value | Egress method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Default egress policy | Protocol | in | All options (Protocol) | Cloudflare default egress method |
Since Gateway policies evaluate from top to bottom in the UI, be sure to place the catch-all policy at the bottom of the list. If you do not include a catch-all policy, all other traffic will use the closest dedicated egress IP location.
Choose one of the following options for your egress policy:
-
Default Cloudflare egress: uses the default source IP range shared across all Zero Trust accounts. Ensures the most performant Internet experience as user traffic egresses from the nearest Cloudflare data center.
-
Dedicated Cloudflare egress IPs uses the primary IPv4 address and IPv6 range selected in the dropdown menus. You can optionally specify a secondary IPv4 address in a different data center. If the primary data center goes down, Gateway will egress from the secondary data center to avoid traffic drops during reroutes. There is no need for a secondary IPv6 because IPv6 traffic can egress from any Cloudflare data center. To learn more about IPv4 and IPv6 egress behavior, refer to Egress locations.
Gateway matches egress traffic against the following selectors, or criteria:
The continent where the request is destined. Geolocation is determined from the target IP address. To specify a continent, enter its two-letter code into the Value field:
- AF – Africa
- AN – Antarctica
- AS – Asia
- EU – Europe
- NA – North America
- OC – Oceania
- SA – South America
- T1 – Tor network
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Destination Continent IP Geolocation | net.dst.geo.continent == “EU” |
The country that the request is destined for. Geolocation is determined from the target IP address. To specify a country, enter its ISO 3166-1 Alpha 2 code ↗ in the Value field.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Destination Country IP Geolocation | net.dst.geo.country == “RU” |
The IP address of the request’s target.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Destination IP | net.dst.ip == "10.0.0.0/8" |
The port number of the request’s target.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Destination Port | net.dst.port == "2222" |
With the Device Posture selector, admins can use signals from end-user devices to secure access to their internal and external resources. For example, a security admin can choose to limit all access to internal applications based on whether specific software is installed on a device and/or if the device or software are configured in a particular way.
For more information on device posture checks, refer to Device posture.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Passed Device Posture Checks | any(device_posture.checks.failed[*] in {"1308749e-fcfb-4ebc-b051-fe022b632644"}), any(device_posture.checks.passed[*] in {"1308749e-fcfb-4ebc-b051-fe022b632644"})" |
The protocol used to send the packet.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Protocol | net.protocol == "tcp" |
The proxy server where your browser forwards HTTP traffic.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Proxy Endpoint | proxy.endpoint == "3ele0ss56t.proxy.cloudflare-gateway.com" |
The continent of the user making the request.
Geolocation is determined from the device’s public IP address (typically assigned by the user’s ISP). To specify a continent, enter its two-letter code into the Value field:
| Continent | Code |
|---|---|
| Africa | AF |
| Antarctica | AN |
| Asia | AS |
| Europe | EU |
| North America | NA |
| Oceania | OC |
| South America | SA |
| Tor network | T1 |
| UI name | API example | Evaluation phase |
|---|---|---|
| Source Continent IP Geolocation | net.src.geo.continent == “North America” | Before DNS resolution |
The country of the user making the request.
Geolocation is determined from the device’s public IP address (typically assigned by the user’s ISP). To specify a country, enter its ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2 code ↗ in the Value field.
| UI name | API example | Evaluation phase |
|---|---|---|
| Source Country IP Geolocation | net.src.geo.country == “RU” | Before DNS resolution |
Use this selector to apply egress policies to a private IP address, assigned by a user’s local network, that requests arrive to Gateway from. This selector will only apply to users connected through a Magic GRE or IPSec tunnel.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Source Internal IP | net.src.internal_src_ip == “192.168.86.0/27” |
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Source IP | net.src.ip == "10.0.0.0/8" |
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Source Port | net.src.port == "2222" |
Identity-based selectors include:
- SAML Attributes
- User Email
- User Group Emails
- User Group IDs
- User Group Names
- User Name
To use identity-based selectors, enable Gateway with WARP in the Zero Trust WARP client and enroll your user in your organization. For more information, refer to Identity-based policies.
Use this selector to match all traffic routed through a specific Tunnel Virtual Network via the WARP client.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| Virtual Network | net.vnet_id == “957fc748-591a-e96s-a15d-1j90204a7923” |
Comparison operators are the way Gateway matches traffic to a selector. When you choose a Selector in the dashboard policy builder, the Operator dropdown menu will display the available options for that selector.
| Operator | Meaning |
|---|---|
| is | equals the defined value |
| is not | does not equal the defined value |
| in | matches at least one of the defined values |
| not in | does not match any of the defined values |
| in list | in a pre-defined list of values |
| not in list | not in a pre-defined list of values |
| matches regex | regex evaluates to true |
| does not match regex | regex evaluates to false |
| greater than | exceeds the defined number |
| greater than or equal to | exceeds or equals the defined number |
| less than | below the defined number |
| less than or equal to | below or equals the defined number |
You can input a single value or use regular expressions to specify a range of values.
Gateway uses Rust to evaluate regular expressions. The Rust implementation is slightly different than regex libraries used elsewhere. To evaluate if your regex matches, you can use Rustexp ↗.
To evaluate multiple conditions in an expression, select the And logical operator. These expressions can be compared further with the Or logical operator.
| Operator | Meaning |
|---|---|
| And | match all of the conditions in the expression |
| Or | match any of the conditions in the expression |
The Or operator will only work with conditions in the same expression group. For example, you cannot compare conditions in Traffic with conditions in Identity or Device Posture.